Tuesday, 22 January 2013

Color in Architecture

The Greeks built some of the most important structures that set the tone and proportions of prominent buildings and structures that we see around us today. Interestingly, the most iconic architectural ruins from that era are all 'color-free' - be it the Parthenon at Athens or the Temple of Zeus at Olympia. They are made of stone or concrete in shades of white, picking on beige and brown as they aged. Built against dramatic green swathes of hilly landscape, complemented by the lovely blue Aegen Sea, these white structures went on to be considered the ultimate expression of "rich and classic" architecture.

Greek monuments, as we see them today:

Temple of Nike, a symbol of luck atop the Acropolis at Athens, © Janani Rajagopalan
But did they always look that way? I recently came across an interesting theory that suggests that the Greeks did use colors to adorn their structures - bright, vibrant hues such as copper blue and terracotta red, derived from natural stones and coloring pigments available at the time. Think about it - these structures were built in the 4th and 5th century B.C. while the Athenian empire was at its peak. They have withstood centuries of rain, storms and floods, in addition to wars that were fought after the fall of the Greeks and later Romans. What are the chances that all the color got washed away early and somehow never got highlighted in the descriptions and recordings about these buildings. We do know that the Greeks knew how to make color - The Acropolis museum provides a detailed reference list on the 9-10 colors that they knew how to make.

Artistic Renderings of how Greeks may have used colors:



Nevertheless, most architects from the Classical Era refused to acknowledge that the white Greek monumental remains may have looked bright and colorful. While Classical architects still favors white and beige, modern architects introduced primary colors into their palette. Things are changing today, with many architects collaborating with artists in projects where they wish to explore the potential of color in architecture.

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